症状分析
Redis Sentinel 无法故障转移,因为可用 sentinel 数量少于配置的法定人数,集群无法选出新主节点。 该错误在生产环境中出现,但可能不会在本地开发中复现,因为触发条件依赖于部署环境或运行时配置。理解完整的症状集合有助于将此问题与类似错误区分开来。
诊断实践
按照前置事项中的诊断步骤定位原因。每个步骤包含命令和输出解读。目标是缩小问题范围:配置、运行时还是应用代码。在最小化环境中复现错误后再应用修复。
根因
Sentinel failover requires a quorum of sentinels to agree the master is down; if fewer than quorum sentinels are reachable, no failover is initiated.
修复
Ensure at least quorum sentinels are deployed and reachable, reduce the quorum to match available sentinels, or restore network connectivity between sentinel instances. 应用修复后,监控系统以确认错误在负载下或不同环境中不再复现。
验证
Shut down the master and confirm Sentinel promotes a replica within the expected failover time. 如果验证通过,修复即确认;如果未通过,重新检查诊断步骤中是否遗漏了促成因素。
诊断命令
运行以下命令复现和诊断问题:
redis-cli -p 26379 sentinel masters
redis-cli -p 26379 sentinel sentinels mymaster