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Validate Environment Variables With Zod

Parse process environment variables through a schema at startup, failing fast with a clear message when a required setting is missing or malformed.

TypescriptConfig Management

Code

snippet
import { z } from "zod";

const EnvSchema = z.object({
  NODE_ENV: z.enum(["development", "test", "production"]).default("development"),
  PORT: z.coerce.number().int().min(1).max(65535).default(3000),
  DATABASE_URL: z.string().url(),
  LOG_LEVEL: z.enum(["debug", "info", "warn", "error"]).default("info"),
});

export type Env = z.infer<typeof EnvSchema>;

export function loadEnv(source: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env): Env {
  const parsed = EnvSchema.safeParse(source);
  if (!parsed.success) {
    const detail = parsed.error.issues
      .map((issue) => issue.path.join(".") + ": " + issue.message)
      .join("; ");
    throw new Error("invalid environment config -> " + detail);
  }
  return parsed.data;
}

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